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C Care, Custody and Control
A term used primarily in liability coverages which refers to property belonging to another but which is legally in the insured's possession or under his control. Cargo
Goods being transported, such as the load of a truck or the goods being carried by a ship. The cargo of a ship does not include the equipment needed to operate the ship.
Cash Surrender Value
When an insured wishes to cancel a life insurance policy before the full term, the policy may have a cash value which is stipulated in the policy. The longer the policy is in force, the higher the cash value is likely to be. It is a sum paid back by the life insurance company to the insured when an insured requests the termination of the policy. Casualty Insurance
Loosely used to describe an area of insurance not particularly or directly concerned with life insurance, fire insurance or automobile insurance. Most frequently refers to liability, burglary and plate glass insurance but may include Fidelity and Surety. Cede
An insurer cedes part of a risk to a reinsurer when it transfers or reinsures part of the risk. Certified Copy
Reproduction of a document, that authority having custody of original signs and attests as a true, genuine and authentic copy. Civil Commotion
Disturbance involving a large number of individuals. An uprising of people creating a prolonged disturbance. Claim
Strictly speaking, a claim is the exercising of the right of an insured to be indemnified by his insurance company for damage suffered. It is frequently used, however, to indicate the amount of the claim.
In practice, it is any notification of a possible loss under an insurance policy whether any payment is likely to follow or not.
For every claim that is reported, the insurance company must set aside reserves equal to the figure which it is anticipated the claim will cost. Claimant
One who makes a claim. Claims Handler
An employee of an insurer who handles and is responsible for incoming claims. Claims Made Basis
Provision in some insurance and reinsurance contracts covering only claims made during term of the contract. Clause
Words in a policy which describe certain specifications, limitations or modifications. Co-insurer
Two or more persons or companies who may be sharing a loss. A company whose policy covers the same risk as that of one or more other companies, is a co-insurer whether the policies are written separately or together. Collapse
Falling in of a building. Collision
A vehicle or a ship collides when it strikes another object or another vehicle or ship. Collision insurance insures against loss so caused. Collusion
A secret agreement between persons to defraud another, e.g., an insured driver of an automobile and his passenger may misrepresent the facts of an accident in order to have monies paid to the passenger or a third party vehicle owner under the insured's automobile insurance policy. Common Carrier
One who offers to transport merchandise for hire and must accept shipments from anyone who wishes to use the services. Different laws and rules govern common carriers than do private or contract carriers who only transport the goods of those with whom they have made agreements. Common Law
American, Canadian and British law derives its force and authority from the universal consent and practice of the people over the years. Certain aspects of the law are written into statutes. The underlying principles and usages and rules of action which do not rest for their authority on this statutory or legislative law are to be found in principles set forth by decisions of the Courts over the years.
Many rules were promulgated in feudal times. During the reign of Henry II (beginning 1154 AD) the King's Courts became organized and common law began to evolve. The Courts met frequently and when one Court made a decision in connection with a certain issue, that decision was followed by the other courts and became the law unless modified by statue or by gradual evolution. Conditions
The general terms or requirements upon which the insurance is based. For the mutual understanding of the parties the conditions will commonly state such matters as how the policy can be cancelled or renewed, provisions with respect to change of the insured's interest, provisions as to what an insured should do in the event of a loss, and conditions as to what he should do subsequent to a loss etc.
A condition precedent is one that must be fulfilled prior to the general fact at stake. The insured, for example, is required to give notice of a claim and fulfill certain other obligations as a condition precedent to his receiving a settlement.
A condition subsequent is one which is applicable subsequent to the event, as for example, the insured is required to co-operate in the disposition of the claim and to co-operate, other than in a monetary way, to assist to recover from anyone who is responsible for the loss. Conditions of the Contract
Articles in contract defining or describing terms, responsibilities of owner and contractor, performance and payment schedules, and the like. Condominium
Is the individual ownership of a single unit in a multiple unit building or group of buildings, together with a percentage interest in that part of the total property owned jointly by all unit owners. In an apartment building, each apartment would be a unit and the stairways, pathways and parking areas would be in common ownership. Consequential Loss
The word "consequential" means something following as an effect or result. It is an indirect result of the occurrence that causes the loss.
The difference between a direct loss and a consequential loss can be seen in the destruction of a power station by wind. The damage to the power station is a direct loss by wind. There is actual physical damage directly resulting. The destruction of the power station also interrupts the generation of power by the station. For example, a cold storage plant is without electrical power. Foodstuffs spoil as a result or as a consequence. This is a consequential loss, not a direct loss. Consideration
The inducement to a contract; the cause, motive or price which induces a contracting party to enter into an agreement, act or forbearance or promise thereof. It is an essential part of a binding contract. Consideration is either expressed or implied.
The money, or whatever is being used in substitution of money, paid for the article or contract is "the consideration." Constructive Total Loss
A partial loss but where the damage is so extensive that repairs would cost as much or more than the repaired property would be worth, or the limit of insurance. Contract
An agreement made between two or more persons, which is intended to be enforceable at law, and is constituted by the acceptance by one party of an offer made to him by the other party, to do or to abstain from doing some act. The offer and acceptance may either be expressed or inferred by indication in the conduct of the parties. Contract Documents
Agreement, addenda, supporting documents, general conditions, supplementary conditions, specifications and drawings and modifications to an agreement. Contractual Liability
Liability assumed by a contract either written or implied. Legal liability policies are based upon liability in tort or negligence and have very little coverage normally for contractual liability (with a possible exception of such matters as sidetrack agreements, etc.) However, contractual liability may be covered in many instances as an additional risk with an additional premium. Contributory Negligence
Many accidents are the fault of both parties who are involved in the occurrence. The plaintiff who sues another party for damages also may be guilty of some negligence, which is a concurrent cause of the damage. Such a party is guilty of contributory negligence. Cover
To protect with insurance, or the insurance protection provided. Coverage
The nature of protection afforded by a particular policy. Can be used at times interchangeably with "insurance" or "protection" as "fire coverage" or "fire protection" or "fire insurance." Custody
Immediate control that an authority exercises over property or people. |
